About

I discovered a language family!

Originally Armenian-Eastern Anatolian highlands-derived? / Anatolian-Early European Farmer / “Pre-Indo-European” / Early European / Epipalaeolithic Anatolian / Alarodian?

• Quite possibly associated with:
  • the “original classicism”, as I have labelled the custom of cultural refinement that prefaced formal Graeco-Roman classical culture
  • the original “h*rniness”, or some significant development with regard to the human custom of sexual appeal
• Also covers the advent of writing, which occurred in ancient Sumer.
• When I first started working with this concept, I coined the term “MegaQuirky”, as this how I first identified the languages without specialist knowledge.

• Originally Armenian-Eastern Anatolian highlands-derived? / Anatolian-Early European Farmer / “Pre-Indo-European” / Early European / Epipalaeolithic Anatolian / Alarodian?
  • Hurro-Urartian †
  • Sumerian † (🇮🇶) 𒅴𒂠 eme-gir ‘native language’
  • Hattic †
  • Kaskian †
  • Kartvelian / South Caucasian
    • Georgian 🇬🇪 kartuli ena
  • Northwest Caucasian (/West Caucasian/Abkhazo-Adyghean/Abkhazo-Circassian/Circassic/Pontic)
  • Northeast Caucasian (/East Caucasian/Nakh-Daghestani/Vainakh-Daghestani/Caspian)
  • Uralic
    • Hungarian 🇭🇺 magyar nyelv
    • Finnish 🇫🇮 suomi or suomen kieli
    • Estonian 🇪🇪 eesti keel
  • Ibero-Vasconic (Vasconic/Euskarian/Basque-Aquitanian)
    • Basque 🇪🇸 🇫🇷 euskara
  • Tyrsenian (/Tyrrhenian/Common Tyrrhenic) †
    • Etruscan (🇮🇹) Rasna/Raśna †
  • Minoan †
  • Eteocretan †
  • Pre-Roman Sardinian †
    • There were three principal groups of pre-Roman Sardinia:
      • ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏʀꜱɪ ᴍᴀʏ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴏꜰ ᴍɪxᴇᴅ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴ, ᴀᴄᴄᴏʀᴅɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ꜱᴇɴᴇᴄᴀ: ᴏꜰ ᴍɪxᴇᴅ ʟɪɢᴜʀɪᴀɴ, ɪʙᴇʀɪᴀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴ. ɪ ᴀꜱꜱᴜᴍᴇ ᴛʜᴇꜱᴇ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴘʀᴇ-ʜᴇʟʟᴇɴɪᴄ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ, ᴇɪᴛʜᴇʀ ᴀʟᴀʀᴏᴅɪᴀɴ ᴏʀ ᴀɴᴀᴛᴏʟɪᴀɴ ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ꜱᴘᴇᴀᴋᴇʀꜱ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏʀꜱɪ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ʟɪɢᴜʀɪᴀɴ-ꜱᴘᴇᴀᴋɪɴɢ. ʟɪɢᴜʀɪᴀɴ ᴍᴀʏ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴘᴀʀᴀ-ᴄᴇʟᴛɪᴄ (ɪᴛᴀʟᴏ-ᴄᴇʟᴛɪᴄ ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ). ʜᴏᴡᴇᴠᴇʀ,
        (1898) “ᴀʟᴛʜᴏᴜɢʜ ᴀʙꜱᴏʟᴜᴛᴇ ᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴᴛʏ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ʙᴇ ᴀʀʀɪᴠᴇᴅ ᴀᴛ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛ ꜱᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴏᴜʀ ᴋɴᴏᴡʟᴇᴅɢᴇ ᴀꜱ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀꜰꜰɪɴɪᴛɪᴇꜱ… ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ʟɪɢᴜʀɪᴀɴꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ᴀ ʙʀᴀɴᴄʜ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀɴᴄɪᴇɴᴛ ɪʙᴇʀɪᴀɴ ꜰᴀᴍɪʟʏ, ᴏꜰ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀꜱQᴜᴇꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏɴʟʏ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ꜱᴜʀᴠɪᴠᴏʀꜱ ɪɴ ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇ.” ᴡɪᴋɪᴘᴇᴅɪᴀ ʀᴇᴄᴏʀᴅꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴜʀʀᴇɴᴛ ᴄᴏɴꜱᴇɴꜱᴜꜱ ʙᴇɪɴɢ ɪɴ ꜰᴀᴠᴏᴜʀ ᴏꜰ ʟɪɢᴜʀɪᴀɴ ʙᴇɪɴɢ ᴀɴ ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ.
      • ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀʟᴀʀᴇꜱ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ɪʙᴇʀɪᴀɴ. “ᴛʜᴇ 2ɴᴅ-ᴄᴇɴᴛᴜʀʏ ᴄᴇ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ ᴛʀᴀᴠᴇʟᴇʀ ᴘᴀᴜꜱᴀɴɪᴀꜱ ɴᴏᴛᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇɪɢʜʙᴏʀɪɴɢ ᴄᴏʀꜱɪ, “ʙᴀʟᴀʀᴇꜱ” ᴛʀᴀɴꜱʟᴀᴛᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ “ꜰᴜɢɪᴛɪᴠᴇꜱ”.” “ᴘᴀᴜꜱᴀɴɪᴀꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴᴄɪᴇɴᴛ ɢᴇᴏɢʀᴀᴘʜᴇʀꜱ ʟɪᴋᴇ ꜱᴛʀᴀʙᴏ ꜱᴘᴇᴄᴜʟᴀᴛᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀʟᴀʀᴇꜱ ᴅᴇꜱᴄᴇɴᴅᴇᴅ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴍᴜᴛɪɴᴏᴜꜱ ɪʙᴇʀɪᴀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ʟɪʙʏᴀɴ ᴍᴇʀᴄᴇɴᴀʀɪᴇꜱ ᴡʜᴏ ᴅᴇꜱᴇʀᴛᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴀʀᴛʜᴀɢɪɴɪᴀɴ ᴀʀᴍʏ ᴅᴜʀɪɴɢ ᴄᴏɴꜰʟɪᴄᴛꜱ ᴏᴠᴇʀ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀɴ ᴛᴇʀʀɪᴛᴏʀʏ.” “ᴍᴏᴅᴇʀɴ ꜱᴄʜᴏʟᴀʀꜱ ᴏꜰᴛᴇɴ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛ ᴛʜᴇᴍ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴇᴀᴋᴇʀ ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇᴏʀɪᴢᴇ ᴛʜᴇʏ ꜱʜᴀʀᴇᴅ ᴇᴛʜɴɪᴄ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ᴛɪᴇꜱ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴀʟᴀɪᴏᴛɪᴄ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀʟᴇᴀʀɪᴄ ɪꜱʟᴀɴᴅꜱ ᴏꜰꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴀꜱᴛ ᴏꜰ ꜱᴘᴀɪɴ.” “ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜꜱᴇ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴍᴏᴜɴᴛᴀɪɴᴏᴜꜱ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛ ʏɪᴇʟᴅᴇᴅ ʟɪᴛᴛʟᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴇ, ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀʟᴀʀᴇꜱ ᴏꜰᴛᴇɴ ꜱᴜʙꜱɪꜱᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ ʀᴀɪᴅɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ꜰᴇʀᴛɪʟᴇ ᴀɢʀɪᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ꜱᴇᴛᴛʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛꜱ ᴀʟᴏɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴀꜱᴛᴀʟ ᴘʟᴀɪɴꜱ.” “ᴡʜɪʟᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏᴠᴇʀᴀʀᴄʜɪɴɢ ɴᴜʀᴀɢɪᴄ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ ɪꜱ ᴅᴇʙᴀᴛᴇᴅ, ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀʟᴀʀᴇꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴏᴜɢʜᴛ ᴛᴏ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ꜱᴘᴏᴋᴇɴ ᴀ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ ꜱɪᴍɪʟᴀʀ ᴛᴏ ᴀɴᴄɪᴇɴᴛ ɪʙᴇʀɪᴀɴ ᴏʀ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴏ-ʙᴀꜱQᴜᴇ.”
      • ᴛʜᴇ ɪᴏʟᴇɪ (ᴛʜᴇ ɪʟɪᴇɴꜱᴇꜱ ᴏʀ ɪᴏʟᴀᴇꜱ ᴏʀ ɪʟɪᴀɴꜱ ᴏʀ ɪᴏʟᴀɪ) ᴍᴀʏ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴀᴇɢᴇᴀɴ-ꜱᴘᴇᴀᴋɪɴɢ, ᴄʟᴏꜱᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴛʏʀꜱᴇɴɪᴀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴍɪɴᴏᴀɴ. ᴘᴀᴜꜱᴀɴɪᴀꜱ ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪꜰɪᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇᴍ ᴀꜱ “ɢʀᴇᴇᴋꜱ”, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴍᴀʏ ᴍᴇᴀɴ ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴀᴇɢᴇᴀɴ/ᴛʏʀꜱᴇɴɪᴀɴ/ᴍɪɴᴏᴀɴ. ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ᴡᴇʀᴇɴ’ᴛ ʜᴇʟʟᴇɴɪᴄ-ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋꜱ. ɪᴛ ᴡᴀꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ɪᴏʟᴇɪ ᴡʜᴏ ᴍɪɢʜᴛ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʜᴀᴅ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱʜᴇʀᴅᴇɴ ꜱᴇᴀ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ, ᴡʜᴏꜱᴇ ɴᴀᴍᴇ ʙᴇᴀʀꜱ ʀᴇꜱᴇᴍʙʟᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴛᴇᴍᴘᴏʀᴀʀʏ ɴᴀᴍᴇ ᴏꜰ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ. ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴇᴀ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴍᴀʏ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙʀᴏᴜɢʜᴛ ᴀᴅᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴀɴᴀᴛᴏʟɪᴀɴ-ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ɪɴꜰʟᴜᴇɴᴄᴇ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴍᴀʏ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴀʟʀᴇᴀᴅʏ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴘʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛ ᴀꜰᴛᴇʀ ɪɴɪᴛɪᴀʟ ᴍɪɢʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴇɢᴇᴀɴ: ᴘʀɪᴏʀ ᴛᴏ ʜᴇʟʟᴇɴɪᴄ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ, ᴀɴᴀᴛᴏʟɪᴀɴ-ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ɪꜱ ʜʏᴘᴏᴛʜᴇꜱɪꜱᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ꜱᴘᴏᴋᴇɴ ɪɴ ɢʀᴇᴇᴄᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ʙᴇꜰᴏʀᴇ/ᴀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ᴀʟᴀʀᴏᴅɪᴀɴ. ᴘᴀᴜꜱᴀɴɪᴀꜱ, ᴅᴇꜱᴄʀɪᴘᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ɢʀᴇᴇᴄᴇ: “ᴀ ꜰᴏᴜʀᴛʜ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏɴᴇɴᴛ ᴘᴀʀᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏᴘᴜʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴡᴀꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʀᴍʏ ᴏꜰ ɪᴏʟᴀᴜꜱ, ᴄᴏɴꜱɪꜱᴛɪɴɢ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇꜱᴘɪᴀɴꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴇɴ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴀᴛᴛɪᴄᴀ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴘᴜᴛ ɪɴ ᴀᴛ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ ᴀɴᴅ ꜰᴏᴜɴᴅᴇᴅ ᴏʟʙɪᴀ […] ʙᴇ ᴛʜɪꜱ ᴀꜱ ɪᴛ ᴍᴀʏ, ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ꜱᴛɪʟʟ ᴛᴏᴅᴀʏ ᴘʟᴀᴄᴇꜱ ɪɴ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ɪᴏʟᴀɪᴀ, ᴀɴᴅ ɪᴏʟᴀᴜꜱ ɪꜱ ᴡᴏʀꜱʜɪᴘᴘᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀɴᴛꜱ.[…] ᴡʜᴇɴ ᴛʀᴏʏ ᴡᴀꜱ ᴛᴀᴋᴇɴ, ᴀᴍᴏɴɢ ᴛʜᴏꜱᴇ ᴛʀᴏᴊᴀɴꜱ ᴡʜᴏ ꜰʟᴇᴅ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴛʜᴏꜱᴇ ᴡʜᴏ ᴇꜱᴄᴀᴘᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀᴇɴᴇᴀꜱ. ᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇᴍ, ᴄᴀʀʀɪᴇᴅ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴄᴏᴜʀꜱᴇ ʙʏ ᴡɪɴᴅꜱ, ʀᴇᴀᴄʜᴇᴅ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ ᴀɴᴅ ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴍᴀʀʀɪᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋꜱ ᴀʟʀᴇᴀᴅʏ ꜱᴇᴛᴛʟᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ (ɪᴏʟᴀᴇꜱ). ʙᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴏɴ-ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ (ʙᴀʟᴀʀᴇꜱ ?) ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇɴᴛᴇᴅ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴄᴏᴍɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ʙʟᴏᴡꜱ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʀᴏᴊᴀɴꜱ, ꜰᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴇɴᴇᴍɪᴇꜱ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴇᴠᴇɴʟʏ ᴍᴀᴛᴄʜᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴀʟʟ ᴡᴀʀʟɪᴋᴇ ᴇQᴜɪᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ, ᴡʜɪʟᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ʀɪᴠᴇʀ ᴛʜᴏʀꜱᴜꜱ (ᴛɪʀꜱᴏ), ꜰʟᴏᴡɪɴɢ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴛᴇʀʀɪᴛᴏʀɪᴇꜱ, ᴍᴀᴅᴇ ʙᴏᴛʜ ᴇQᴜᴀʟʟʏ ᴀꜰʀᴀɪᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴄʀᴏꜱꜱ ɪᴛ.“ ᴀɢᴀɪɴ, ᴏɴᴇ ᴄᴀɴ ᴀꜱꜱᴜᴍᴇ ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ʜᴇʟʟᴇɴɪᴄ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋꜱ ʙᴜᴛ ᴘʀᴇ-ɢʀᴇᴇᴋꜱ. ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʀᴏᴊᴀɴꜱ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴍᴀʏʙᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴇ-ꜱʜᴇʀᴅᴇɴ ᴘʀᴏɢᴇɴɪᴛᴏʀꜱ. ᴇᴅᴜᴀʀᴅᴏ ʙʟᴀꜱᴄᴏ ꜰᴇʀʀᴇʀ ᴄᴏʀʀᴇʟᴀᴛᴇꜱ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ɴᴀᴍᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ɪʙᴇʀɪᴀɴ/ᴀʟᴀʀᴏᴅɪᴀɴ ʀᴏᴏᴛ *ɪʟɪ-, ᴍᴇᴀɴɪɴɢ ꜱᴇᴛᴛʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ. ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜɪꜱ ᴡᴇ ᴍᴀʏ ᴀꜱꜱᴜᴍᴇ ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴀʟᴀʀᴏᴅɪᴀɴ-ꜱᴘᴇᴀᴋɪɴɢ, ᴇᴠᴇɴ ɪꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɪᴍᴍᴇᴅɪᴀᴛᴇ ꜰᴏʀᴇʙᴇᴀʀ ᴛᴏ ᴇᴀʀʟʏ ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ ᴡᴀꜱ ɪɴᴅᴏ-ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ᴀɴᴀᴛᴏʟɪᴀɴ.
      • ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴜʀᴀɢɪᴄ ᴄɪᴠɪʟɪꜱᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ᴘʀᴇ-ʀᴏᴍᴀɴ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ ɪꜱ ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ꜰᴏʀ ɪᴛꜱ ɴᴜʀᴀɢʜᴇ/ɴᴜʀʜᴀɢ ᴛʏᴘᴇ ᴏꜰ ꜱᴛᴏɴᴇ ᴛᴏᴡᴇʀꜱ. ɪᴛ ᴇxɪꜱᴛᴇᴅ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ 1800ʙᴄ (ᴅᴜʀɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʀᴏɴᴢᴇ ᴀɢᴇ) ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴏᴍᴀɴ ᴄᴏʟᴏɴɪꜱᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ 238ʙᴄ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴏᴡᴇʀꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ᴡɪᴅᴇꜱᴘʀᴇᴀᴅ ᴀᴄʀᴏꜱꜱ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ. ᴏɴʟʏ ᴛʀᴀᴄᴇꜱ ᴏꜰ ɴᴜʀᴀɢɪᴄ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ(ꜱ) ᴀʀᴇ ᴀᴠᴀɪʟᴀʙʟᴇ ᴠɪᴀ ᴍᴏᴅᴇʀɴ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀɴ ᴡᴏʀᴅꜱ, ɴᴀᴍᴇꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛᴏᴘᴏɴʏᴍꜱ. “ꜱᴇᴠᴇʀᴀʟ ʟɪɴɢᴜɪꜱᴛꜱ, ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ʙᴇʀᴛᴏʟᴅɪ, ᴛᴇʀʀᴀᴄɪɴɪ, ᴡᴀɢɴᴇʀ, ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴜʙꜱᴄʜᴍɪᴅ, ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏꜱᴇᴅ ᴠᴀʀɪᴏᴜꜱ ʟɪɴɢᴜɪꜱᴛɪᴄ ʟᴀʏᴇʀꜱ ɪɴ ᴘʀᴇʜɪꜱᴛᴏʀɪᴄ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʟᴅᴇꜱᴛ – ᴘᴀɴ-ᴍᴇᴅɪᴛᴇʀʀᴀɴᴇᴀɴ – ᴡᴀꜱ ᴡɪᴅᴇꜱᴘʀᴇᴀᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ɪʙᴇʀɪᴀɴ ᴘᴇɴɪɴꜱᴜʟᴀ, ꜰʀᴀɴᴄᴇ, ɪᴛᴀʟʏ, ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ, ᴀɴᴅ ɴᴏʀᴛʜ ᴀꜰʀɪᴄᴀ. ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴇᴄᴏɴᴅ – ʜɪꜱᴘᴀɴᴏ-ᴄᴀᴜᴄᴀꜱɪᴀɴ – ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ᴇxᴘʟᴀɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱɪᴍɪʟᴀʀɪᴛɪᴇꜱ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ʙᴀꜱQᴜᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴀʟᴇᴏ-ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀɴ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜɪʀᴅ – ʟɪɢᴜʀɪᴀɴ.“
      • ᴀɴᴅ ʙᴇꜰᴏʀᴇ ᴛʜɪꜱ: ᴇᴠᴇɴ ᴏʟᴅᴇʀ ᴀʟᴀʀᴏᴅɪᴀɴ ꜱᴘᴏᴋᴇɴ ɪɴ ꜱᴀʀᴅɪɴɪᴀ ꜰᴏʀ ᴛʜᴏᴜꜱᴀɴᴅꜱ ᴏꜰ ʏᴇᴀʀꜱ?